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On July 5, 1943, a U.S. Army Air Corps B-17 mistakenly bombed Boise City, Oklahoma, during a nighttime training exercise. The aircraft had departed from Dalhart Army Air Base in Texas and was intended to target a practice range, but the crew became disoriented and ended up at the incorrect location. The main error was bad navigation: the crew got off course and, in the darkness, mistook Boise City’s courthouse lights for the intended target. Instead of reaching the practice r

This week, I learned that during the early Cold War, the U.S. government secretly tested how biological agents would spread by using American cities and transit systems as live test environments. My Brief: Operation Sea-Spray was a 1950 U.S. Navy secret biological warfare experiment in which Serratia marcescens and Bacillus globigii bacteria were sprayed over the San Francisco Bay Area in California in order to determine how vulnerable a city like San Francisco would be to a